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托福閱讀總結(jié)題主要目的及解決方法
2013-12-06 11:41 | 編輯:川外教育 來自:未知總結(jié)題主要目的:
考查學(xué)生理解和識(shí)別主要內(nèi)容和文中所提及重要的信息。
Direction:
An introductory sentence or a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the three answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points
解決這類考題的方法:
一、清楚文章的論證類型
總分型一般容易出這類考題。我以中文為例,麗麗老師是一個(gè)非常好的人。首先,她很樂于助人例如一次我看見她扶一個(gè)盲人過馬路,其次麗麗老師很慷慨,有一次我看見她為希望工程捐了她當(dāng)時(shí)兜里的全部錢(50元),第三麗麗很謙虛和平易近人。
如下面這樣的新托福閱讀文章特別容易出總結(jié)題
Lily is a nice person.
1、 麗麗樂于助人
2、 麗麗扶一個(gè)盲人過馬路
3、 麗麗老師很慷慨,
4、 老余捐了100元
5、 麗麗很謙虛和平易近人
6、 麗麗經(jīng)常打架
正確答案應(yīng)該是:1、3、5
二、解決方法:
一)主體詞排除錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)法
首先抓住要總結(jié)的關(guān)鍵詞也就是主體詞,就是要問哪方向的內(nèi)容,如上個(gè)例子,主體題麗麗一定會(huì)在正確答案中出現(xiàn),不然問的是麗麗可以答案談?wù)摰氖莿e人,就變得完全不相關(guān)了,根據(jù)這個(gè)特點(diǎn)我們可以排除 4老余捐了100元
如OG上的一道總結(jié)題可以直接使用主體詞排除錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的方法
The technology of modern cinema evolved at the end of the nineteenth century.
1、 Kinetoscope parlors or viewing films were modeled on phonograph parlors
2、 Thomas Edison’s design of the Kinetoscope inspired the development of large screen projection.
3、 Early cinema allowed individuals to use special machines to view films privately.
4、 Slides-and-lantern shows had been presented.
5、 The development of projection technology made it possible to project images on a large screen
6、 once films images could be projected, the cinema became a form of mass consumption
其中只有三個(gè)選項(xiàng)有本問題的關(guān)鍵詞,本問題的關(guān)鍵詞是 the technology of cinema.
二)細(xì)節(jié)信息排除法
總結(jié)題是對(duì)對(duì)文章的高度概括所以細(xì)節(jié)的出現(xiàn)犯了以偏概全的錯(cuò)誤,如中文例子中的2、麗麗扶一個(gè)盲人過馬路。 這是一個(gè)具體的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié),我們要繞過例子看總結(jié)。所以在排除它。
如OG中的一道題目
This passage discusses fossils that help to explain the likely origins of cetaceans-whales, porpoises and dolphins
Answer choices
1 Recent discoveries of fossils have helped to show he link between land mammals and cetaceans(這是本文的主題)
2、The discovery of Ambulocetus natans provided evidence for a whale that lived both on land and at sea.(總結(jié)性信息)
3、The skeleton of Basilosaurus are found in what had been the Tehys Sea, an area rich in fossil evidence. (絕對(duì)的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié))-排除
4 Pakicetus is the oldest fossil whale yet to be found((絕對(duì)的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié))-排除
5、Fossils thought to be transitional forms between walking mammals and swimming whales were found..(主題)
6、Ambulocetus’hind legs were used for propulsion in the water. ((絕對(duì)的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié))-排除
三)新信息出現(xiàn)排除
如6:麗麗經(jīng)常打架,原文沒有出現(xiàn),所以正確答案中一定沒有。

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